Tipping body



A Sheets-Sheet l W. C. ANTHONY TIPPING BODY Aug. 3, 1954 Filed July 19. 1949 Inventorfi z'ZZz'am 65 721,720

Filed July 19, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 @QA m.

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Aug. 3, 1954 w. c. ANTHONY TIPPING BODY 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 19, 1949 JN j y J wk m.\ n

1954 w. c. ANTHONY 2,685,475

TIPPING BODY Filed July 19, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Aug. 3, 1954 UNITED STATES OFFICE TIPPING BODY William 0. Anthony, Streator, Ill., assignor to Anthony Company, Streator, 111., a corporation of Illinois 4 Claims.

This invention relates to a tipping or dumping body. It relates to the body construction and to the tipping means. It has for an object to provide a body which, by reason of its shape, is provided with sufiicient stiffness and rigidity to require a minimum of additional bracing members.

Another object is to provide a tipping body or receptacle so arranged and so associated with tipping means that the device may be built with a minimum overall height.

Another object is to provide a tipping body and means for tipping it so arranged and so interfitted that the body itself largely encloses the tipping means.

Another object is to provide in connection with a tipping body a cooperative positioning and relationship which permits the manufacture of bodies of large size and large capacity with means for tipping them, which means lie almost wholly above the bottom of the body and below the top of the body.

Other objects will appear from time to time throughout the specification and claims.

This invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings,

Figure 2 is a transverse section taken on an enlarged scale at line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of portions of the hydraulic system;

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional detail taken on an enlarged scale at line '44 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional detail taken at line 5-5 of Figure 1;

Figure 6 is a schematic plan view illustrating a modified form of double-acting hydraulic mechanism suitable for use with the body disclosed in the other figures.

Figure 7 is a side elevation with parts broken away and parts in section taken at line l'! of Figure 6 showing the cylinders of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a section taken at line 88 of Figure 6 showing the valve system.

The body comprises generally a bottom, side walls, a front end wall, and a rear end wall. The rear end wall may be fixed or it may comprise a movable gate.

trated herewith.

As shown, the body is formed by a bottom or floor member I, which may conveniently be formed of a sheet of metal. Two side walls 22 are secured to the bottom or they may, if desired,

The latter construction is illusbe made integral with it. As shown, the side walls 2 are welded or otherwise secured to the bottom plate I, and each of the side Walls is formed with a laterally bent, outwardly directed part 3.

An outer side wall member 4 is secured to each of the portions 3 by welding or otherwise, as at 5, and is provided with a stiifening rib 6. At its bottom, each member 4 is outwardly bent as at I, and is engaged by a channel member '8. The channel members 8 form longitudinal frame members for the body, and act as compression members, because no other longitudinal frame member is provided as a .part of the tilting structure.

A plurality of transverse frame members are positioned beneath and preferably secured to the floor plate I and some of them extend fully across the body and are secured to the longitudinal channel members 8. The transverse members, as shown, comprise parts 9, l0, ll, l2, l3, l4, l5, and it. A greater or less number of cross members may be used. The cross members 9 and Ill may be of reduced length. As shown in Figure 2, the cross member It appears and it is reduced and terminates approximately at the edge of the floor plate I. This is to provide clearance for parts of the lifting mechanism. The cross members I I and I 2 are also normally so shortened. The cross member 9 may be shortened similarly to provide for the introduction of hydraulic conduits. The exact details of the cross members are not vital and may be varied. They will be sufficient in number and size to provide adequate stiffening for the body, and they will be so shaped and dimensioned as to provide suitable clearance for the other parts of the assembly.

At its rear, the body may be open, as shown, and provided with a tail gate I l hinged adjacent its upper edge as at is and provided with a latch IQ. Pivoted as at 29, the latch may be moved to open or closed position by a handle 2| which is connected to a spring 22 biased to move the handle in counterclockwise direction to move the latch toward latching position and to hold it in that position.

As shown and described, the body thus comprises a member which is a container and which has a bottom with suitable frame members and double side walls. These walls serve the dual purpose of enclosing the hoisting mechanism and of stiffening the body structure. They may, if desired, be further stiifened by channel members 23-23 inclined as shown in Figure 1 and positioned between and secured to the wall members 2 and 4 of the body. A third channel member 24 is fixed to the portion 3 of the body wall, and joins and is preferably attached to the upper ends of the channel members 23. The channel members 23 and 24 may conveniently be welded in place between the body side wall members 2 and l and they form with it, when in the position shown, a truss structure of great stifiness and lightness.

Positioned between the walls 2 and 4 and secured to the member 24 is a bearing support 25 having two arms 2626 which support a pin 21 which acts as a bearing for a. portion of the hydraulic tipping mechanism.

The tipping mechanism comprises a pair of piston rods 28 each connected to a piston which is itself positioned within a cylinder 29. The cylinders are secured to collars 36 which are positioned upon a tubular member 3!. This member is supported in parts 32 which act as bearings. The invention is not limited to any particular bearing construction and the members 32 are shown merely to indicate support bearings for the hydraulic cylinders.

Pressure fluid is supplied to each cylinder 29 through a member or flexible conduit 33. Each conduit is secured to a transverse main conduit 34 to which pressure fluid is supplied through a conduit 35 by means of a T connection 36. Pressure fluid is supplied to the conduit 35 from any suitable source, preferably from a pump positioned upon the truck or other vehicle which carries the body.

Adjacent its rear or discharge end, the body is carried on hinge members 3137 which are secured to the frame structure of the body and engage a bearing shaft 31a. This shaft is received at each end in bearing blocks 38 which may be supported in any manner. As shown generally in Figure 1 and in detail in Figure 4, they are supported upon the flange of a tension member 39. This member extends from the hinge adjacent the rear of the body toward the forward end of the body and is secured to the members 32. It acts as a tension member, therefore, between the front and rear sets of hinges when the body is being tipped.

The body is intended normally to be mounted on a truck or other vehicle. Only so much of the vehicle is shown as to indicate the mountin of the device. Thus, a truck having frame members -46 is suitable for carrying the body. The truck frame appears, in part, in Figures 1 and 4.

The tension member as rests upon the truck frame and a cushioning strip or wood 4| may be positioned between the frame members 40 and the tension member 39.

For many purposes the hydraulic system may suitably comprise single-acting hydraulic piston and cylinder assemblies, and the cylinders illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 are of the singleacting type. Where an extremely high dump is desired the weight and position of the body at extreme dump may be such as to make a return from the tipped position slow, or the body may even be overbalanced beyond the center of the shaft 31a. In either of these cases it will normally be desirable to provide power means for initiating the return of the tipped body toward the untipped position, and in that case a doubleacting piston and cylinder assembly is desired. Figure 6 illustrates such a double-acting hydraulic system. The valves in either system may be conventional, but for the single-acting cylinders it is sufiicient to provide a valve which may be manipulated from any suitable point to direct pressure fluid to the cylinders and to per mit it to be discharged from the cylinders. In the double-actin system, the additional conduits make it possible to direct pressure fluid to either side of the piston, and thus to accomplish raising or to initiate return.

In the modified forms of Figures 6, 7 and 8 parts identical with the parts shown in the earlier figures carry the same reference numhere. The difierence between the structure of the modified form and that of the earlier form is that in the modified form a double-acting piston and cylinder assembly is used to permit a power lifting action and, correspondingly, to per mit a power returnin action. Thus, the member 31 and the cylinders 29 and the piston rods 28 and the parts to which they are joined are the same as those shown and described earlier and will not be redescribed.

A conduit 42 is added to each cylinder 253 and, as shown in Figure '3, is arranged to conduct pressure fluid to the outer or free end of the cylinder. Flexible conduits #3 are connected one to each of the conduits 42, and are themselves connected to a pipe or conduit M which, by means of a T connection 45, is connected to a conduit system 48. A conduit system All is connected to the T 36. A valve 58 is positioned in a valve housing 49 and is arranged for rotary movement. It is provided with a handle 58 for moving it and a link 5i may be be joined to the handle. The link may be supported and may terminate at any convenient point for manipulation. Usually it will extend to the side of the body assembly so that it is readily available for movement. Pressure fluid is conducted to the valve housing from any suitable source; for example, from a pump, through a high pressure conduit 52, and fluid is returned from the valve housing and the hydraulic system through a return conduit 53 which is connected to the source of pressure fluid, such as the pump, or, if desired, to a sump in the pumping system. By adjusting the valve 58, pressure fluid under high pressure may be directed either to the outer or free end of the cylinders through the conduit 46 or it may be directed to the inner end of the cylinders through the conduit 41.

In the position of the valve shown in Figure 8, pressure will be directed from the conduit 52 through the conduit 41, the pipe 34 and the flexible pipes 33 to the inner end of the cylinders 29, and hence to the inner face of the pistons, and will thus force the pistons outwardly and tip the body from the full line position of Figure 1 to the dotted line position of that figure. As the pistons are forced outwardly in the raising direction, the fluid above the pistons is discharged through the conduits 52 and returns through the flexible pipes 63, the pipe 45, the conduit 46, passes through the valve housing, and is carried back through the conduit 53 to the pump or sump. Discharge of pressure fluid in the manner lust described below the pistons is continued until the body has reached the proper degree of tip. If desired, pressure relief means may be included in the system to prevent overtipping of the body. No such pressure relief means are shown since they are well known in the art and the invention is not limited to their presence or use.

When it is desired to return the body from the tipped position, the valve 48 is reversed so that pressure fluid is discharged from the conduit 52 through the valve housing, the conduit 46, the

pipe 44, the flexible conduits E3, and'into the passages or conduits 42. Thus the direction of pres- .sure fluid is reversed and it is discharged into the cylinders adjacent their outer ends or above the pistons. As this occurs, the pistons are forced inwardly into the cylinders and the body is returned from the tipped to the untipped position. With this adjustment of the valve #8, the fluid is discharged from the cylinders beneath the pistons through the flexible pipes 33, the cross pipe 34, and conduit 41, the valve housing, and returns to the pump or sump through the conduit 53. Generally, positive returning force is necessary only during a part of the return movement. After the body has been sufficiently returned to be overbalanced in the return direction, it will return under the influence of gravity.

The system of Figures 6, 7 and 8 thus provide means for returning or for initiating the return of the body from the tipped position.

Although I have shown an operative form of my invention, it will be recognized that many changes in the form, shape and arrangement of parts can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and my showing is, therefore, to be taken as, in a sense, diagrammatic. In particular, the exact arrangement of pivots and hinges, both for the hoistin means and for the body itself, may be lar ely varied. The particular details shown are suitable and are illustrative of the general fact that the hoisting means are movably mounted and that the body itself is mounted for tipping, and any suitable mounting or pivoting means to accomplish this result are within the contemplation of the invention.

The invention is not limited to the exact means for supporting the cross member 3! and other supports might equally be used. It is sufficient to provide means of suincient size and strength to support this member. This member and the parts which support it must be stron enough to carry the weight of the hoisting means and to carry the thrust which occurs on the hoisting means when the body is tipped. The members 23 and 24 may, if desired, be secured to the inner wall member .2 or to the outer wall member 4, or to both of them. The purpose of the members '23 and 24 is to form with one or both of the wall members 2 and t a truss of suflicient stiffness to stiffen the body as a whole, and to make unnecessary any outside or added stifiening members. Ihe body itself is thus its own stiffenin means.

Durin lifting, the members 8 act as compression members to complete the truss effect when lifting force is applied upon the trunnion at the top of the V of the truss thus formed.

While simple cylinders have been shown, obviously telescopic cylinders might be used instead. These would be particularly advantageous where the body sides are relatively low in height. Although the body side members 2 and 4 are shown in the drawings as being of substantially the same thickness, the invention is not limited to this feature and one of the sheets or wall members 2 or 4; might be lighter than the other.

The use and operation of this invention are as follows:

The body will generally be mounted on a vehicle, such as a truck, and pressure fluid will be supplied from a pump or other suitable source. The particular details of the pumping assembly are not shown, as these details form no essential part of the invention and it is suflicient that fluid under adequate pressure be available.

When it is desired to tip the body in either form of the device pressure fluid is directed-into the cylinder below the piston and the piston is forced outwardly carrying with it the piston rod. As this movement occurs, the body is tipped from the full line position of Figure 1 to the dotted line position of that figure. If desired, the tipping may be stopped at that position or it may be continued further. Ordinarily, if the body is equipped with a gate, the gate will be opened and the body contents will be discharged while the body is in the tipped position. When the body has been tipped, pressure fluid is released from the cylinder and the piston and piston rod are allowed to return under the weight of the body and under the influence of gravity. The gate, if one is present, is thereafter closed. The tipping cycle in the form of Figures 6, '7 and 8 is the same as that just described. The return cycle is different. In the form of these figures, the return of the body is initiated and may be completed, if necessary, by the use of power. This return is accomplished by moving the valve from the position shown in Figure 8 and causing pressure to be directed through the conduits 42 on the upper or outer side of the pistons and this pressure is effective to move the pistons inwardly in the cylinders and to withdraw into the cylinders the piston rod, thus carrying the body back from the tipped position toward the untipped position and returning it ultimately to the completely untipped position shown in full lines in Figure 1.

No valve is shown in the form of Figure 1 because any valve suitable for directing fluid through the conduit to the cross member 34, and finally to the cylinders, is suitable, and such valves are available on the market and known in the art.

The construction above described effects a substantial saving in weight when compared to the conventional type of tipping bodies without resort to the use of light metals. A body of the type illustrated will weigh approximately one third less than the conventional type body of the same capacity. Since the hoisting mechanism, as a whole, is substantially above the level of the bottom of the tipping body, the tipping assembly, as a whole, including the tipping means and the body itself, occupies a minimum of vertical height, and the overall height of a body made according to the present invention is substantially less than the required overall height of .a body of the same capacity made according to conventional designs. Thus, the center of gravity of the body when empty, and of the body and load when the body is loaded, is substantially lowered.

A further advantage resultant from the present design is that there is no interference between the chassis and the tipping assembly because no part of the tipping assembly extends below the chassis or even below the top of the chassis frame it. Because the sides of the body are double, the outer body panel may be smooth and side braces and stiffening members eliminated. Thus, the outside body panel or wall;

for example, the member d, is smooth and is not unsightly and provides a smooth surface upon which advertising and other material can be readily placed.

I claim:

1. For use on a vehicle having a generally rectangular frame, a unitary carrying and tipping assembly adapted to be mounted on said frame; said assembly including a receptacle hingedly mounted for tipping about a transverse axis near its rear edge and being substantially wider than said frame, a pair of piston and cylinder units comprising the sole tipping means for said receptacle, each of said units being positioned outside of and respectively along opposite sides of said receptacle and lying, when said receptacle is untipped, substantialy entirely within the laterally projected outlines of said sides, said cylinders being substantially longer than the vertical height of the untipped receptacle; said tipping assembly including hinge means for the piston and cylinder units at the lower ends thereof and hinge means for said receptacle, said hinge means being positioned respectively adjacent the forward and rear ends of the receptacle on substantially the same horizontal level, and tension means the opposite ends of which are connected respectively to the hinge means at the lower ends of the piston and cylinder units and to the hinge means for the receptacle; said tension means being disposed beneath the receptacle and inwardly of the sides thereof, said hinge means for the piston and cylinder units including a beam-like member to which the piston and cylinder units are secured, said beamlike member being positioned beneath and transversely of said receptacle and extending at each end laterally beyond said tension means and said receptacle and constituting means for equalizing the movements of said piston and cylinder units, said receptacle including a bottom and side walls, stiffening members secured to the side walls and defining force distributing means for distributing the tipping forces from said piston and cylinder units to said side walls, said stiffening members being inclined and converging toward their upper ends; and a connection between the upper end of each piston and cylinder unit and one side wall, said connections being positioned generally centrally of said side walls from front to rear and substantially in the upper edges of said side walls and adjacent the upper ends of said stiffening members, and transverse stiffening members secured to said bottom wall and being joined to said side walls.

2. The structure of claim 1 wherein said tension means comprises a pair of longitudinally positioned transversely spaced channel members resting on said frame. a

3. The structure of claim 1 wherein said connection between each piston and cylinder unit and its respective side wall comprises a bifurcated bearing support on said side wall, and a pin mounted on said support, said piston being pivotally connected with said pin.

4. For use on a vehicle having a generally rectangular frame, a unitary carrying and tipping assembly adapted to be mounted on said frame; said assembly including a receptacle hingedly mounted for tipping about a transverse axis near its rear edge and being substantially wider than said frame, a pair of piston and cylinder units comprising the sole tipping means for said receptacle, each of said units being positioned outside of and respectively along opposite sides of said receptacle and lying, when said receptacle is untipped, substantially entirely within the 8 laterally projected outlines of said sides, said cylinders being substantially longer than the vertical height of the untipped receptacle; said tipping assembly including hinge means for the piston and cylinder units at the lower ends thereof and hinge means for said receptacle; said hinge means being positioned respectively adjacent the forward and rear ends of the receptacle on substantially the same horizontal level, and tension means the opposite ends of which are connected respectively to the hinge means at the lower end of the piston and cylinder units and to the hinge means for the receptacle; said tension means being disposed beneath the receptacle and inwardly of the sides thereof, said hinge means for the piston and cylinder units including a beam-like member to which the piston and cylinder units are secured, said beam-like member being positioned beneath and transversely of said receptacle and extending at each end laterally beyond said tension means and said receptacle and constituting means for equalizing the movements of said piston and cylinder units, said receptacle including a bottom and side walls, stiffening members secured to the side walls and defining force distributing means for distributing the tipping forces from said piston and cylinder units to said side walls, said stiffening members being inclined and converging towards a point above said side walls, an additional stiffening member secured to the top edge of each of said side walls and connected to the ends of said first-named stiffening members at the top edge of each of said walls; and a connection between the upper end of each piston and cylinder unit and one side wall, said connections being positioned generally centrally of said side walls from front to rear and substantially in the upper edges of said side walls and adjacent the upper ends of said stiffening members, and transverse stifiening members secured to said bottom wall and being joined to said side walls.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date D. 127,802 Holmstrom June 17, 1941 675,795 Ryan et a1 June 4, 1901 1,908,457 Swift et a1 May 9, 1933 1,935,974 Burner Nov. 21, 1933 2,072,998 Allin Mar. 9, 1937 2,136,663 Anthony Nov. 15, 1938 2,142,089 Barrett Jan. 3, 1939 2,166,722 Kirksey July 18, 1939 2,231,242 Barrett Feb. 11, 1941 2,275,349 Collender Mar. 3, 1942 2,286,416 Holmstrom June 16, 1942 2,332,961 Wood Oct. 26, 1943 2,424,670 Shimer July 29, 1947 2,437,890 Orendorfi Mar. 16, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 509,475 Germany Oct. 11, 1930 578,572 Germany June 15, 1933 575,331 Great Britain Dec. 28, 1943 

